Milos is one of the first Cyclades islands inhabited. According to greek mythology the first resident of the island was Milos, offspring of a royal family, sent in the island by goddess Aphrodite.

Milos is inhabited since prehistoric times. During the neolithic times it was already an important trade center of the Mediterranean Sea.
Her financial robustness was due to the extraction of mineral opsadianos. Opsidianos is a black stone like a glass extracted only in Milos. During the archaic times it was used to make tools. That's the reason of its big fame and wealth.

Filakoti, the ancient town that flourished in different periods of time reveals that the island was constantly inhabited and the cultural level of its residents. The archaeological findings give us information for the minoic civilization as they cover all historic periods from the 3rd millenium BC to 1100BC when the minoic civilization starts to make its appearance.

During the Peloponese war, Milos took side with Spartiates. This way they found themselves in the sight of Athens that conquered the island.

In hellenistic times Milos flourishes once again. At this time the theater was built, whose remains are saved until our days, and the famous statue of Aphrodite of Milos'.

The island of Milos was one of the first to christianize. Catacombs reveal the spread of Christianity in the island.
In the Byzantine times, Milos belonged to Aegean Theme and suffered a lot of catastrophes from pirates.

In 1207, as all the islands of Cyclades, is conquered by Enetics until 1508 when the Turkish dominate Milos and the other Cyclades islands. During this period Milos becomes the base of pirates who find shelter in its caves.

Milos is one of the first islands that keep a leading role in the Greek revolution. In 1832 adjusts to the rest of Greece.